Showing posts with label Reading. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Reading. Show all posts
Saturday, 31 July 2010
Thursday, 22 July 2010
Information design (case studies)
The whole point of this exercise is to interpret and discuss the nature of the following informative graphics, all of which were taken from two of the books I have already introduced as part of my self directed reading.
Information design is fastly becoming a great interest of mine. Every designer is capable of having the greatest vision, but I am starting to realise that it all comes down to such communication that will offer these visions with great success. I feel that information graphics is an excellent way of informing and developing ideas into reality. Last year, I felt that I had many appropriate ideas for design outcomes. However, I often could not teleport these imaginative ideas from my head onto paper or screen because little could inform a functional and achievable outcome. I believe that information design and graphics can provide a profound link in-bewteen. I am fond of technical information being processed into something attractive, stimulating and simple, this balance must be the greatest challenge for any designer to overcome.
Note that the images can be maximized for more clarity.

Data Flow V.1: Visualising Information in Graphic Design
pg. 134/135
This case study is from Project New Museum (2007) in Bowery, New York. The total cost was $50,000,000 and the architects responsible for this scheme consisted of Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa (SANAA). This document was intended for the interest of structural engineers (p. 134) and the buildings potential user (p. 135); providing stability between technical specifications and experientials. Page 135 will evidently inform further design solutions regarding interior and exterior spaces (interior design, furniture design, lighting design etc.) because elements such as volume and area are clear throughout the shown floors on the isometric drawing.
From first glance at this case study, I see simplicity that masks great technicality. Data Flow V1 classifies this graphic as Datascape, 'switching between topography and topology, the spatial arrangement of data at once impose flow, direction context and order'.
The minimal mood is achieved by the backdrop of a non-changing olive green which erradicates any potential interference to the viewer. The fact that the colour does not appear to change in saturation or purity on page allows each element to be looked upon similarly, providing a huge relationship between both pages. Since each page was intended to hold a wealth of important substance, I think that the singular use of colour in backdrop was the right decision of the information designer. High contrast between the white/black diagrams and the olive green backdrop provides instantaneous recognition of their importance. In addition to this relationship, two centred isometric wireframe models catch the eye. The intensity of the isometric wireframe model on p. 134 immediately draws the attention to the starting page where one can become aquaint with the detail of the structures integrity, insulation and exterior materials. The ordered explosion of certain insulators and exterior materials provide the viewer with an abundance of info. Once the insulator and exterior elements are recognised in form and order the reader is directed to descriptive text through means of number symbolisations further down the page, away from the sophisticated diagram where one can view the elements material specifications, from detailed dimensions to finishes.
Near the bottom of the page, a large scale aerial view of Bowery Street's spatial orientation is shown, enabling the viewer to recognise the context of the proposed 'New Museums' placement in relation to a number of familiar buildings nearby. A good reference of elevation and spatial awareness are given. The majority of building blocks were left un-extruded, this is probably because the information designer thought the buildings spatial surroundings were just as important as the other building heights shown on Bowery Street.
It is evident that p.134 puts upmost emphasis on the building itself and its context. Conversely, p.135 focusses on the interaction between the building and its users. Area seems to overide any other potential concern where we can see what the outlined skeleton contains; interactive space for its users. The contrasting use of white marks out exterior interactive areas also. Small figures situated on these floor plans give an effective sense of scale. At the left hand side of p. 134, a side measure is shown giving the viewer insight to different floor levels of New Museum. If you look closely you can see how the measure is extended from the isometric angles, the same key solution is used to mark out these floor levels as what was used to indicate the exploded elements of the buildings insulation and exterior materials. Such similarities help create this simplicit information graphic aswell as font type and size consistencies throughout. An experiential element is added to the right hand side of the page (partly exploded from the edge of facade), it simply portrays the skyline that will become viewable from the shown perspective. Perhaps the designer considered this piece of information relevant, but not important which is why little contrast is used to make it fully noticeable. It seems to hide away nicely whilst breaking up some blank space.
One criticism involves the layout of text, the scripts seem to awkwardly impose the view towards smaller visuals, making such visuals appear to be less significant despite their smaller size. Maybe if more symbolic methods were introduced, this text issue wouldn't seem so scattered and lost.

Data Flow V.1: Visualising Information in Graphic Design
pg. 92
The series of 'Datanets' shown above are information representations that "reveal the structure of meaning, the network of data points show cause, context or collaboration" (Data Flow V1) The two 'Internet Map' visuals will be discussed in detail, the original information came from The Dimes Project. The representer of such information is Chris Harrison. A summary of these maps can be read at the top of page.
As previously mentioned on page, the designers intent was clear; to represent complex data in a pure and striking manner. Despite the titles from being shown on each visual, I immediately identified elements of geographical context and connections. The two visuals represent relating data, but both contexts can be recognised clearly (continental and global). I think that these images are a piece of art yet hugely educational. They represent internet connections between cities across Europe and the world, eliminating all other information that would confuse the viewer significantly. City names, country borders and coastal ranges are not shown, making linework indicate the connection between population, development and capital throughout different cities to continents in a clearer fashion. The majority of people who view this page are aware of our global situation, i.e. the unbalanced economic development of countries, so the placement of connection origins and destinations will largely lie within developed countries (some internet activity does take place in underdeveloped countries). The intensity of linework indicates a rise in connections made, however many connections that are made within developed countries show less intense linework, this is because population levels in such countries are much lower. In a smaller context (continental Europe) this representation is less obvious as the divide between urban and rural areas are considerably shrunk. The contrast of black and white was the correct choice, revealing all connections in a clear and instantaneous manner.
I find these pieces of art to be exceptional, they allow the viewer to promptly understand and dictate such a huge database of fact in a matter of minutes. One can clearly recognise context, cause, situation and collaboration of these internet connections by simply looking at a series of lines sprawling across blank space. It also surprises me how simple and effective something can be, through this it is definately an asset that your audience holds knowledge about a certain topic, in this case capital, population and geographical context. E.g. If someone could not identify Latin America or Australia on an atlas they would fail to interpret these information graphics in their intended form.


Information Design: Source Book
pg. 112,113/114,115
This case study of Hara Design Institute, Umeda Hospital (1998) is possibly one of my favourites. Conceptually, the signage created responded to the brief effectively. Umeda Hopsital, as mentioned on p. 112 required a tranquil and clean interior in order to reassure its patients. The originality of this concept allows every patient to acknowledge the efforts of the hospital that in turn, ensures their stay to be a relaxed one. A high level of maintenance is expected for the upkeep of its signage to achieve such purpose and experience.
White is a neutral colour, it does not particularly trigger emotion. However, one is aware of the fact that because of its lightness it can become more susceptible to wear and colouration in its appearance. Due to the hospital cleaning staff washing such fabric (signange) regularly it reminds everybody of the hospitals pledge to a high level of cleanliness. There is certainly an element of warmth that emmits from all examples of the hospitals signage, showcasing what appears to be ironing table cloths, pillows, towels and socks (all associated with comfortability and to a certain degree consolation). It is easy to recognise the extreme efforts that this hospital provides through the display of these signs, providing a much wanted alternative to being constricted within one of those extremely daunting and generic hospitals out there. Through very little physical change, it is clear that the experience of a patient in this hopsital would improve dramatically. One could say that the reassurance of such patients would exist from subconsciousness to these signs, or perhaps they are reminded about qualities that exist within each of their homes. Some colour is introduced to the interior, mostly noticed on walls where the use of peach may enable one to think of health and vitality. I think that if no colour was introduced to the interior then such experiences may become awkward and tense. Through this, the concept from the designer would appear to be obvious and unpersuasive.
Information design is fastly becoming a great interest of mine. Every designer is capable of having the greatest vision, but I am starting to realise that it all comes down to such communication that will offer these visions with great success. I feel that information graphics is an excellent way of informing and developing ideas into reality. Last year, I felt that I had many appropriate ideas for design outcomes. However, I often could not teleport these imaginative ideas from my head onto paper or screen because little could inform a functional and achievable outcome. I believe that information design and graphics can provide a profound link in-bewteen. I am fond of technical information being processed into something attractive, stimulating and simple, this balance must be the greatest challenge for any designer to overcome.
Note that the images can be maximized for more clarity.

Data Flow V.1: Visualising Information in Graphic Design
pg. 134/135
This case study is from Project New Museum (2007) in Bowery, New York. The total cost was $50,000,000 and the architects responsible for this scheme consisted of Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa (SANAA). This document was intended for the interest of structural engineers (p. 134) and the buildings potential user (p. 135); providing stability between technical specifications and experientials. Page 135 will evidently inform further design solutions regarding interior and exterior spaces (interior design, furniture design, lighting design etc.) because elements such as volume and area are clear throughout the shown floors on the isometric drawing.
From first glance at this case study, I see simplicity that masks great technicality. Data Flow V1 classifies this graphic as Datascape, 'switching between topography and topology, the spatial arrangement of data at once impose flow, direction context and order'.
The minimal mood is achieved by the backdrop of a non-changing olive green which erradicates any potential interference to the viewer. The fact that the colour does not appear to change in saturation or purity on page allows each element to be looked upon similarly, providing a huge relationship between both pages. Since each page was intended to hold a wealth of important substance, I think that the singular use of colour in backdrop was the right decision of the information designer. High contrast between the white/black diagrams and the olive green backdrop provides instantaneous recognition of their importance. In addition to this relationship, two centred isometric wireframe models catch the eye. The intensity of the isometric wireframe model on p. 134 immediately draws the attention to the starting page where one can become aquaint with the detail of the structures integrity, insulation and exterior materials. The ordered explosion of certain insulators and exterior materials provide the viewer with an abundance of info. Once the insulator and exterior elements are recognised in form and order the reader is directed to descriptive text through means of number symbolisations further down the page, away from the sophisticated diagram where one can view the elements material specifications, from detailed dimensions to finishes.
Near the bottom of the page, a large scale aerial view of Bowery Street's spatial orientation is shown, enabling the viewer to recognise the context of the proposed 'New Museums' placement in relation to a number of familiar buildings nearby. A good reference of elevation and spatial awareness are given. The majority of building blocks were left un-extruded, this is probably because the information designer thought the buildings spatial surroundings were just as important as the other building heights shown on Bowery Street.
It is evident that p.134 puts upmost emphasis on the building itself and its context. Conversely, p.135 focusses on the interaction between the building and its users. Area seems to overide any other potential concern where we can see what the outlined skeleton contains; interactive space for its users. The contrasting use of white marks out exterior interactive areas also. Small figures situated on these floor plans give an effective sense of scale. At the left hand side of p. 134, a side measure is shown giving the viewer insight to different floor levels of New Museum. If you look closely you can see how the measure is extended from the isometric angles, the same key solution is used to mark out these floor levels as what was used to indicate the exploded elements of the buildings insulation and exterior materials. Such similarities help create this simplicit information graphic aswell as font type and size consistencies throughout. An experiential element is added to the right hand side of the page (partly exploded from the edge of facade), it simply portrays the skyline that will become viewable from the shown perspective. Perhaps the designer considered this piece of information relevant, but not important which is why little contrast is used to make it fully noticeable. It seems to hide away nicely whilst breaking up some blank space.
One criticism involves the layout of text, the scripts seem to awkwardly impose the view towards smaller visuals, making such visuals appear to be less significant despite their smaller size. Maybe if more symbolic methods were introduced, this text issue wouldn't seem so scattered and lost.

Data Flow V.1: Visualising Information in Graphic Design
pg. 92
The series of 'Datanets' shown above are information representations that "reveal the structure of meaning, the network of data points show cause, context or collaboration" (Data Flow V1) The two 'Internet Map' visuals will be discussed in detail, the original information came from The Dimes Project. The representer of such information is Chris Harrison. A summary of these maps can be read at the top of page.
As previously mentioned on page, the designers intent was clear; to represent complex data in a pure and striking manner. Despite the titles from being shown on each visual, I immediately identified elements of geographical context and connections. The two visuals represent relating data, but both contexts can be recognised clearly (continental and global). I think that these images are a piece of art yet hugely educational. They represent internet connections between cities across Europe and the world, eliminating all other information that would confuse the viewer significantly. City names, country borders and coastal ranges are not shown, making linework indicate the connection between population, development and capital throughout different cities to continents in a clearer fashion. The majority of people who view this page are aware of our global situation, i.e. the unbalanced economic development of countries, so the placement of connection origins and destinations will largely lie within developed countries (some internet activity does take place in underdeveloped countries). The intensity of linework indicates a rise in connections made, however many connections that are made within developed countries show less intense linework, this is because population levels in such countries are much lower. In a smaller context (continental Europe) this representation is less obvious as the divide between urban and rural areas are considerably shrunk. The contrast of black and white was the correct choice, revealing all connections in a clear and instantaneous manner.
I find these pieces of art to be exceptional, they allow the viewer to promptly understand and dictate such a huge database of fact in a matter of minutes. One can clearly recognise context, cause, situation and collaboration of these internet connections by simply looking at a series of lines sprawling across blank space. It also surprises me how simple and effective something can be, through this it is definately an asset that your audience holds knowledge about a certain topic, in this case capital, population and geographical context. E.g. If someone could not identify Latin America or Australia on an atlas they would fail to interpret these information graphics in their intended form.


Information Design: Source Book
pg. 112,113/114,115
This case study of Hara Design Institute, Umeda Hospital (1998) is possibly one of my favourites. Conceptually, the signage created responded to the brief effectively. Umeda Hopsital, as mentioned on p. 112 required a tranquil and clean interior in order to reassure its patients. The originality of this concept allows every patient to acknowledge the efforts of the hospital that in turn, ensures their stay to be a relaxed one. A high level of maintenance is expected for the upkeep of its signage to achieve such purpose and experience.
White is a neutral colour, it does not particularly trigger emotion. However, one is aware of the fact that because of its lightness it can become more susceptible to wear and colouration in its appearance. Due to the hospital cleaning staff washing such fabric (signange) regularly it reminds everybody of the hospitals pledge to a high level of cleanliness. There is certainly an element of warmth that emmits from all examples of the hospitals signage, showcasing what appears to be ironing table cloths, pillows, towels and socks (all associated with comfortability and to a certain degree consolation). It is easy to recognise the extreme efforts that this hospital provides through the display of these signs, providing a much wanted alternative to being constricted within one of those extremely daunting and generic hospitals out there. Through very little physical change, it is clear that the experience of a patient in this hopsital would improve dramatically. One could say that the reassurance of such patients would exist from subconsciousness to these signs, or perhaps they are reminded about qualities that exist within each of their homes. Some colour is introduced to the interior, mostly noticed on walls where the use of peach may enable one to think of health and vitality. I think that if no colour was introduced to the interior then such experiences may become awkward and tense. Through this, the concept from the designer would appear to be obvious and unpersuasive.
Saturday, 17 July 2010
Reading
A big downfall last year was the fact that I had little interest towards reading appropriate material which would have informed my projects to a much higher level, I am confident that reading such material will raise my enthusiasm towards the subject and will encourage me to approach a certain topic through various perspectives of information and ideas. So, last week I went for a little shopping spree on Amazon, U.K and Waterstones...
I was often told that my work had something missing and that it didn’t flow naturally; frequently it was a conceptual and theoretical issue or even minor inconsistencies in my graphic work throughout a project.
My main objective this summer is to build upon my strong abilities including information design, graphic work and hand sketching/drawing whilst trying to improve my computer aided drawing and modelling skills on Rhinoceros and AutoCad. I have purchased a Theoretical Book (K. Lynch, the Image of the City), which will potentially allow me to work in a much less narrow-minded sense towards all aspects of my work, but particularly in its early stages.
Over the course of summer I will begin to upload proof of self-directed tutorials, from analysis to perhaps working examples of my own. By reading the shown info graphics books below, I will be able to understand how certain work examples are achieved from concept through to technical graphic delivery. My drawing skills will become stronger from the reading of Perspecive Drawing Handbook, perspective sketches of my own will be uploaded too.
A list of books that I have recently bought are shown below. Note, that there are more Information Design books in my possesion, I cannot upload anymore pictures for some reason!! Anyway, their details are listed below too.
Note that allot of my money was spent on the following material in order to push myself in the right direction at the start of this self directed study.



Architectural Visions: Contemporary Sketches, Perspectives, Drawings
'Jonathan Andrews' 2010
This book is extremely inspiritational, it provides hundreds of non-photorealistic visualisations from various landscape architects and architects. The unique thing about this book is the fact that it explains how all examples are achieved from working techniques to processes. Before buying this book I always struggled to understand how certain visualisations were accomplished, e.g. rendering digitally processed or hand done (watercolour, marker pen etc etc..)
Architectural Visions will be by my side at all times when my hand meets pencil next year, without a doubt. A couple of pages from this book will be uploaded soon for the benefit of those who may be interested in buying this absolute beauty.


Data Flow V.1: Visualising Information in Graphic Design
'Robert Klanten, Nicolas Bourquin, Thibaud Tissot & Sven Ehmann' 2008
"Visual metaphors are a powerful aid to human thinking. From Sanskrit through to hieroglyphics to the modern alphabet, we have used ciphers, objects, and illustrations to share meaning with other people, thus enabling collective and collaborative thought. As our experience of the world has become more complex and naunced, the demands to our thinking aids have increased proportionally. Diagrams, data graphics, and visual confections have become the language we resort to in this abstract and complex world. They help us understand, create, and completely experience reality." Alan Woo.
I find that this source book is extremely useful, it provides an array of thousands of non-linnear flow charts, mollecular and three-dimensional diagrams to view and gain motivation from. It will remind oneself that complex information is better displayed in an absract and aesthetically pleasing form rather than being laid down on a simple bar chart. I think that abstract graphic forms are capable of holding a greater wealth of information than inflexible 'linnear' visuals.
Some examples will be uploaded onto blog shortly.
An expensive buy, but certainly worth it.

Information is Beautiful
'David McCandless' 2009
Another book which focusses on numerous case studies (information graphics). Good read. Stimulating.


Information Design: Source Book
'IID, Institute for Information Design Japan' 2003
Another important archive of information design to follow for one that is interested in such media. However, half of the text in this book is indeed, Japanese. It is essential to consider the fact that if this archive did not have an English subscript many people would fail to comprehend the unique work shown.
Compared to my other books relating to information graphics, this one emphasises all aspects of information delivery from graphic design to interactive signage. The author evaluates the nature of certain project briefs and their contexts and regulations, thus showing the reader why the final mode of information delivery was a practical solution.
The Information Design Handbook
'Jenn & Ken Visocky O'Grady' 2008
"crammed with essential design principles and trouble-shooting tips, it provides you with all the keys to creating effective information graphics for every application - whether intended to guide the user around a document, help them plan their lives, or direct them around a physical environment. It also looks at how to itegrate different types of information design into an overall scheme, be that for transport networks, public sector organisations, or retail companies" Product Description.
Information Design Workbook
'Kim Baer' 2008
"As part of Rockport's Workbook series, this book will walk you through the process of creating effective information design, from determining the audience and content and writing a project brief, to research and testing. Case studies in the book range from print projects to interactive and environmental information systems - all of which include detailed designs that are informative, inspiring and useful." Product description.
This book is very similar to the 'Information Design Handbook', both being descriptive, but more importantly explanatory about every portion of this design area. These two books will become beneficial towards my interest in Information design. It will raise my understanding of how a certain project is carried from initial intent to the release of suitable graphics.

The Image of the City
'Kevin Lynch' 1960
I have not actually read this little book but was introduced to it by Ed Wall, my lecturer at Kingston University. Our class was given a set list of applicable reading material to inform our theoretical and conceptual site report. The suggested few pages explore how people interact with urban space paying particular reference to the relationship between man and fundamental elements such as paths, edges, districts, nodes and landmarks.
I am looking forward to starting this book as soon as possible.

Landscape Architects Pocket Book
'Siobhan Vernon, Rachel Tennant & Nicola Garmory' 2009
A unique source of landscape architecturally related information that I will undoubtedly find useful at any given time, whether curious or struggling to find such information elswhere.
"Covering all the major topics, including hard landscaping and soft landscaping as well as planning aand legislation, the pocket book also contains a handy glossary of key terms, useful calculations and helpful contacts. Not only an essential tool for everday queries on British standards and procedures, this book is a first point of reference for those seeking more extensive, supplementary sources of information, including websites and further publications." Product description.

Perspective Drawing Handbook
'Joesph D'amelio' 1964
This book has been bought in order to boost my drawing ability significantly. Since I prefer non-photorealism in terms of visualising designs, I must improve my drawing ability as discussed, typically detailed perspective drawings which will make my propoasals more compelling and convincing.
It is basically an instruction manual, providing the reader with illustrated drawings. Later on I will upload my own perspective drawings. Hopefully my drawing knowledge and ability will have improved after reading this helpful book.
I was often told that my work had something missing and that it didn’t flow naturally; frequently it was a conceptual and theoretical issue or even minor inconsistencies in my graphic work throughout a project.
My main objective this summer is to build upon my strong abilities including information design, graphic work and hand sketching/drawing whilst trying to improve my computer aided drawing and modelling skills on Rhinoceros and AutoCad. I have purchased a Theoretical Book (K. Lynch, the Image of the City), which will potentially allow me to work in a much less narrow-minded sense towards all aspects of my work, but particularly in its early stages.
Over the course of summer I will begin to upload proof of self-directed tutorials, from analysis to perhaps working examples of my own. By reading the shown info graphics books below, I will be able to understand how certain work examples are achieved from concept through to technical graphic delivery. My drawing skills will become stronger from the reading of Perspecive Drawing Handbook, perspective sketches of my own will be uploaded too.
A list of books that I have recently bought are shown below. Note, that there are more Information Design books in my possesion, I cannot upload anymore pictures for some reason!! Anyway, their details are listed below too.
Note that allot of my money was spent on the following material in order to push myself in the right direction at the start of this self directed study.

Architectural Visions: Contemporary Sketches, Perspectives, Drawings
'Jonathan Andrews' 2010
This book is extremely inspiritational, it provides hundreds of non-photorealistic visualisations from various landscape architects and architects. The unique thing about this book is the fact that it explains how all examples are achieved from working techniques to processes. Before buying this book I always struggled to understand how certain visualisations were accomplished, e.g. rendering digitally processed or hand done (watercolour, marker pen etc etc..)
Architectural Visions will be by my side at all times when my hand meets pencil next year, without a doubt. A couple of pages from this book will be uploaded soon for the benefit of those who may be interested in buying this absolute beauty.

Data Flow V.1: Visualising Information in Graphic Design
'Robert Klanten, Nicolas Bourquin, Thibaud Tissot & Sven Ehmann' 2008
"Visual metaphors are a powerful aid to human thinking. From Sanskrit through to hieroglyphics to the modern alphabet, we have used ciphers, objects, and illustrations to share meaning with other people, thus enabling collective and collaborative thought. As our experience of the world has become more complex and naunced, the demands to our thinking aids have increased proportionally. Diagrams, data graphics, and visual confections have become the language we resort to in this abstract and complex world. They help us understand, create, and completely experience reality." Alan Woo.
I find that this source book is extremely useful, it provides an array of thousands of non-linnear flow charts, mollecular and three-dimensional diagrams to view and gain motivation from. It will remind oneself that complex information is better displayed in an absract and aesthetically pleasing form rather than being laid down on a simple bar chart. I think that abstract graphic forms are capable of holding a greater wealth of information than inflexible 'linnear' visuals.
Some examples will be uploaded onto blog shortly.
An expensive buy, but certainly worth it.

Information is Beautiful
'David McCandless' 2009
Another book which focusses on numerous case studies (information graphics). Good read. Stimulating.

Information Design: Source Book
'IID, Institute for Information Design Japan' 2003
Another important archive of information design to follow for one that is interested in such media. However, half of the text in this book is indeed, Japanese. It is essential to consider the fact that if this archive did not have an English subscript many people would fail to comprehend the unique work shown.
Compared to my other books relating to information graphics, this one emphasises all aspects of information delivery from graphic design to interactive signage. The author evaluates the nature of certain project briefs and their contexts and regulations, thus showing the reader why the final mode of information delivery was a practical solution.
The Information Design Handbook
'Jenn & Ken Visocky O'Grady' 2008
"crammed with essential design principles and trouble-shooting tips, it provides you with all the keys to creating effective information graphics for every application - whether intended to guide the user around a document, help them plan their lives, or direct them around a physical environment. It also looks at how to itegrate different types of information design into an overall scheme, be that for transport networks, public sector organisations, or retail companies" Product Description.
Information Design Workbook
'Kim Baer' 2008
"As part of Rockport's Workbook series, this book will walk you through the process of creating effective information design, from determining the audience and content and writing a project brief, to research and testing. Case studies in the book range from print projects to interactive and environmental information systems - all of which include detailed designs that are informative, inspiring and useful." Product description.
This book is very similar to the 'Information Design Handbook', both being descriptive, but more importantly explanatory about every portion of this design area. These two books will become beneficial towards my interest in Information design. It will raise my understanding of how a certain project is carried from initial intent to the release of suitable graphics.

The Image of the City
'Kevin Lynch' 1960
I have not actually read this little book but was introduced to it by Ed Wall, my lecturer at Kingston University. Our class was given a set list of applicable reading material to inform our theoretical and conceptual site report. The suggested few pages explore how people interact with urban space paying particular reference to the relationship between man and fundamental elements such as paths, edges, districts, nodes and landmarks.
I am looking forward to starting this book as soon as possible.

Landscape Architects Pocket Book
'Siobhan Vernon, Rachel Tennant & Nicola Garmory' 2009
A unique source of landscape architecturally related information that I will undoubtedly find useful at any given time, whether curious or struggling to find such information elswhere.
"Covering all the major topics, including hard landscaping and soft landscaping as well as planning aand legislation, the pocket book also contains a handy glossary of key terms, useful calculations and helpful contacts. Not only an essential tool for everday queries on British standards and procedures, this book is a first point of reference for those seeking more extensive, supplementary sources of information, including websites and further publications." Product description.

Perspective Drawing Handbook
'Joesph D'amelio' 1964
This book has been bought in order to boost my drawing ability significantly. Since I prefer non-photorealism in terms of visualising designs, I must improve my drawing ability as discussed, typically detailed perspective drawings which will make my propoasals more compelling and convincing.
It is basically an instruction manual, providing the reader with illustrated drawings. Later on I will upload my own perspective drawings. Hopefully my drawing knowledge and ability will have improved after reading this helpful book.
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